por He physical phenomenon It is all those in which energy conversions occur, changes in electromagnetic waves when interacting with bodies, or changes in matter without this being affected in its composition or its chemical identity.
This is how mechanical energy can be used to crush a nut, and that is not why its molecules create or break bonds; while if the nut is heated by thermal energy, we will be facing a chemical phenomenon due to its combustion. Virtually all macro-scale interactions between bodies (without addressing quantum physics) are examples of physical phenomena.
The light interacts with the dust and ice particles that coat the atmosphere, causing the sky to appear bluish. The greater this interaction (larger particles or longer light paths), the colors will turn reddish, as happens in sunrises and sunsets; that is, Rayleigh scattering.
We can mention among other examples of physical phenomena: preparing a juice in a blender, cutting slices of bread, the movement of windmills, the ascent of rockets, melting snow, inhaling helium, the propagation of sound in different media, ferromagnetism, nuclear reactions, the Doppler effect, cloud condensation, and many more.
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Characteristics
In the physical phenomenon, changes can occur in the body, matter or substance during a process, without changes in their composition.
The process that occurs during a physical phenomenon is reversible. Liquid water can be transformed into a solid (ice) by freezing, which is a physical phenomenon. This is achieved by lowering the water temperature to 0ºC or less.
If the ice is then heated, it becomes liquid water again, through melting; another physical phenomenon. Therefore, it is concluded that a characteristic of this type of phenomenon is its reversibility.
The physical phenomenon is also repeatable. The above example shows that the freeze-melt cycle can be repeated many times, without the water undergoing any structural or compositional change during the process.
The changes that occur during the occurrence of a physical phenomenon are perceptible. The man is aware that it is raining; that he casts his shadow, or that he is looking at a rainbow.
examples
The Rainbow
As there are drops of water suspended in the atmosphere, it may happen that these drops serve as prisms, and that when the light falls on them at a suitable angle, they break down the visible light into the seven colors that form it. This is how the rainbow originates: a beautiful atmospheric phenomenon.
light refraction
When light passes from one medium to another, it experiences a deviation in its direction, because the speed of light is not the same in the two media. This phenomenon manifests itself when an object is observed in the water, which suggests that it is closer and in a direction that is not the real one.
Opacity
It is the phenomenon of obstruction of the passage of light through a body, manifesting this phenomenon by the shadow that the body projects on a surface.
This phenomenon of light absorption by substances in solution has been used to determine the concentration of substances by the absorption spectrophotometry method.
Earth rotation
The Earth rotates constantly on itself in relation to an axis of rotation. This movement brings as a consequence the existence of day and night. Day is characterized by the presence of sunlight and night by its absence.
translation
At the same time that the Earth’s rotation occurs, it moves around the Sun in a movement known as translation, which lasts 365 days. The consequence of the movement of translation is the existence of the seasons of the year: summer, autumn, winter and spring.
Elasticity
A body can be deformed by the application of a force. But if it is an elastic body, a force can be generated within it that opposes the deformation and that produces the recovery of the original shape of the body, once the deforming force ceases.
When inflating a balloon, air is supplied. The air exerts pressure on the wall of the balloon, which translates into a force that distends the wall. But at the same time, a force is growing on the wall of the globe that opposes its distension.
This force tends to restore the balloon to its original shape, so when the balloon is released, the restoring force, which appeared on the wall, causes the air to escape from inside the balloon and it returns to its original shape. A similar phenomenon occurs in the lungs during the phases of inspiration and expiration.
terrestrial force of gravity
It is a force of attraction of the Earth that keeps bodies on the surface of the Earth preventing them from floating, as occurs in outer space. The existence of this force is manifested when going up and down a staircase. The effort to go up the ladder is greater than the effort needed to go down it.
This is explained because when going up a ladder the movement occurs against gravity, while when going down the stairs the action is carried out in favor of gravity.
The greater the mass of a body, the greater the magnitude of the force of gravity acting on it.
Hydraulic energy
A stream of water is made up of a set of particles or molecules that are moving in one direction. These moving particles have a certain kinetic energy that as a whole can have an energy of great magnitude.
Hydroelectric plants use the energy from water from dams to generate electricity. This is a positive effect of hydropower. Negatively, by acting uncontrollably, it can cause serious damage to bridges, homes, roads, etc.
Evaporation
It is the passage of the molecules that constitute a liquid to the air that surrounds it. For this phenomenon to occur, the energy of the moving liquid molecules must be sufficient to overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction.
Evaporation is favored by an increase in temperature, since the energy of the molecules of the liquid increases. In this sense, sunlight by heating the water increases evaporation and cloud formation.
References
Whitten, Davis, Peck & Stanley. (2008). Chemistry. (8th ed.). CENGAGE Learning.
Serway & Jewett. (2009). Physics: for science and engineering with Modern Physics. Volume 2. (Seventh edition). Cengage Learning.
Wikipedia. (2019). List of natural phenomena. Retrieved from: en.wikipedia.org
StudiousGuy. (2019). 10 Examples Of Physics In Everyday Life. Retrieved from: studiousguy.com
Achintya Rao. (December 1, 2017). A day in the life. Physics World. Retrieved from: physicsworld.com